If you're drawn to the harmonious sound of a 12-string guitar, you're not alone. These guitars have brilliant tones and players usually fall in love from the very first strum. However, 12-string guitars require going through a significant learning curve. You can start playing right away but you need to have some prior experience of playing a guitar in general.

Today we will give you an in-depth comparison between 6-string and 12-string guitars. Our focus will span across various aspects, including tone, design, and other differences between their 6 string counterparts. We hope you can make a well-informed decision when choosing between these two guitar types.

How Do They Sound Different

The fundamental difference between 6-string vs. 12-string guitars lies in the number of strings. There are six in the former and twelve in the latter. While a 6-string guitar assigns one string per note, a 12-string guitar features pairs of strings for each note.

The top two string pairs (B and E in standard tuning) typically comprise identical-gauge strings tuned in unison. The four lower string pairs (E, A, D, and G) consist of strings of varying thickness, with the lighter string tuned to the same note in a higher octave.

Tonal Complexity

The 12-string configuration has a brighter and harmonically textured sound, distinguishing it from the clarity and note definition of a 6-string guitar. The 12-string's response tends to sound more blended, contributing a shimmering musical character.

Brightness and Harmony

The differences in strings and configuration lead to a brighter, stronger, and more harmonious sound with a 12-string guitar. The balanced sound from a 12-string guitar enhances note clarity and definition. Musicians and enthusiasts often gravitate towards 12-string guitars as they create a harmony making it seem like two instruments are being played in unison.

Effects and Application

The effects produced by 12-string guitars make them ideal as a backing instrument. The 12-string guitar offers a full, rich volume, creating a distinct sound, while the 6-string guitar, though also capable of rich tones, lacks the chorus effect.

Genre

In rock and metal genres, the 6-string guitar shines, providing an easier playing experience and a preferred sound. On the other hand, 12-string guitars find their forte in genres like folk and blues. In these genres, their unique tonal characteristics enhance musical expressions with a chorus-like resonance.

Design

Here are some typical design differences between 12-string and 6-string guitars:

Longer Headstock/Peghead: 12-string guitars commonly exhibit a longer headstock to accommodate the additional tuning machines necessitated by the doubled strings.

More Bridge Pins: Typically, 12-string guitars boast a bridge hole for each string, secured in place by bridge pins, often crafted from wood or plastic.

Wider Fretboard: Most 12-string guitars are crafted with a slightly wider nut width, offering additional space on the fretboard to accommodate the extra strings. This wider nut width can result in a slightly "chunkier" feel in the player's fretting hand.

Shorter Scale Length: The increased string tension resulting from doubling the number of strings on a guitar can exert considerable force on the neck. To mitigate this and enhance playability, some 12-string guitars may incorporate a shorter scale length (the length of the string from the saddle to the nut) compared to their 6-string counterparts.

Playability

In general, playing a 12-string guitar is a bit more difficult in comparison to 6-string ones. The increased difficulty stems from the thicker neck, requiring more grip, and the requirement to play two strings simultaneously.

Due to structural differences, you need precision when playing chords on a 12-string guitar. The heightened neck tension needs a good grip and enhanced finger strength during playing. Additionally, bending the strings on a 12-string guitar is more difficult due to the increased neck tension.

Traditionally, 12-string guitars find their place as supplementary instruments, contributing to rhythm or providing backing chords. However, some accomplished artists play the 12-string as their lead instrument. Jimi Hendrix is a great example of a musician who adeptly utilized the 12-string guitar in a lead role.

Is Playing a 12-String Guitar More Challenging?

Given the high demands and increased complexity of playing, 12-string guitars are often recommended for more experienced players. Beginners are advised to start with a 6-string guitar initially, allowing them to develop fretting skills and build finger strength. This foundational experience is very important for a smoother transition to a 12-string guitar later on.

In general, playing a 12-string guitar presents a higher level of difficulty. Unlike a regular 6-string, playing the same lead section on a 12-string demands greater technical proficiency. This challenge is not solely due to thicker necks but because you have to press two strings simultaneously while maintaining a firm grip.

These pose challenges across skill levels for guitarists. While 12-string guitars are less commonly used in the context of a standard 6-string setup, they serve primarily as backing instruments for chords and additional notes.

Choosing Between a 6-String and 12-String Guitar for Beginners

It is recommended that beginners who have never played an instrument before begin with a 6-string guitar, especially those who are younger. Beginners may find that their hands and fingers are still developing and not quite ready for the complexities of a 12-string.

However, for beginners who have already familiarized themselves with standard 6-string guitars, transitioning to a 12-string becomes a more viable option. This adaptability is also evident among musicians experienced in other string instruments, like violins or cellos, who may find it easier to adjust to the additional strings on a 12-string guitar.

Nevertheless, potential challenges, such as the higher average cost of 12-string guitars and the added investment for string replacement, should be considered. Restringing and tuning a 12-string guitar can also be more time-consuming, taking at least double the time compared to their 6-string counterparts.

Ultimately, the decision between a 6-string and a 12-string guitar is subjective and depends on the player's musical preferences and aspirations. If you are drawn to folk, folk-rock, or blues music, a 12-string might be a worthwhile choice. It's important to note, however, that playing a 12-string can be more challenging, and beginners should be mindful of the potential difficulties.

While some may suggest using a 12-string guitar with only 6 regular strings, this approach can introduce additional complications. The necks and overall string spacings of 12-string guitars are designed for 12 strings. Beginners might encounter difficulties when deviating from this intended configuration.

Things To Consider When Choosing Between 12-String and 6-String Guitars

Ultimately, the decision on whether to opt for a 12-string or a 6-string guitar is a highly subjective one. Your choice should be guided by what feels, sounds, and performs best for your playing style and practical requirements.

Here are a few factors to consider as you make this decision:

Newer Players: Beginners may find the wider neck and higher string tension of a 12-string guitar challenging. Holding down the strings for fretting notes and chords may require more effort, posing a potential difficulty for those still developing strength in their fretting hand.

Advanced Players: More experienced players tend to have an easier time with a 12-string guitar. However, specialized techniques like fingerpicking can be more intricate due to the presence of paired strings.

Musical Application: Most players are drawn to 12-string guitars for the distinct shimmery, octave-rich sound they offer. This unique sound stands out in recordings and live performances, making 12-string guitars purpose-driven. Players often choose them with a specific musical idea or need in mind.

Tonewood and Construction: Examine the tonewood used in the construction of the guitar. Different woods can significantly impact the instrument's tone. Additionally, assess the overall construction quality, as it influences the durability and longevity of the guitar.

Brand Reputation: Consider the reputation of the brand. Established and reputable manufacturers often produce higher-quality instruments. Research customer reviews and expert opinions to gauge the reliability and performance of a particular brand.

Maintenance: Acknowledge the maintenance requirements. 12-string guitars may need more frequent tuning and string replacement compared to 6-string guitars. Be prepared for the additional maintenance tasks associated with the doubled strings.

Try Before You Buy: Whenever possible, play the guitar before making a decision. Each instrument has its unique feel and sound. Testing it in person allows you to assess whether it suits your playing style and preferences.

Read full article at Guitarmetrics.