Mankind is a curious mixture. On one hand, man is social, operating in group ... and yet, at the same moment, each person is a self-contained unit. While group activity is important and normal, some actions must be undertaken solo. Christianity provides a great example of this dynamic. Christians, as the body of Christ (a group), never cease from being individuals. God says, "you are Christ's body, and individually members of it." And He grants spiritual gifts "to each one individually just as He wills" placing "the members, each one of them, in the body, just as He desire(s)" (1Cor 12:11,18 and 27). This is the ultimate in group - but individuality is never lost or even slightly compromised. But, ... the necessity of individual action goes even deeper.

The most important, the most crucial, indeed the most non-negotiable of all solo actions, centers on the salvation issue. This is a transaction fully between an individual and his/her Creator. It is the most solo of all activities. And it puts us in the weakest of positions because "all things are open and laid bare to the eyes of Him with whom we have to do" (Heb 4:13). No wonder we would rather place ourselves behind something - and push that in front of us. It is ironic that the shield of choice is often ... religion.

The only religion I am interested in discussing here is the Christian religion.

The Christian Religion

In my mind, the Christian religion and the Christian faith are two different things. It is not imperative that you adopt my demarcation between the two, but if you think (for this moment) in the framework I am presenting, the following discussion will make more sense. When I think of religion, I think; "ceremony, ritual, dogma - and formulas for these things." When I think of faith, I think; "inquiry, study, knowledge - and persuasion of what is true."

Using this definition, the Christian religion ... is easy. There is a "formula" for salvation - followed by clear directives for "the good Christian life". Altar calls, confirmations, or baptisms are soon followed by church membership, tithing, and the church calendar.

It is a natural weakness for man to fall into religion. The reason is really quite simple. Religion tells the follower everything he/she must do. The directives are not to be questioned - just obeyed - and everything will be fine. Unfortunately, those who obey the prescribed actions often feel like they have actually done something. This has great appeal for the participant - and often provides great comfort. But, this comfort does not end in life.

The Christian religion rests on two primary pillars. First, those in the pew are sheep who must be led. Second, and quite predictably, there is another group - the leaders. They are to be obeyed. These two concepts create two huge blunders. For starters, Christians - as sheep - is a "figure of speech" (Jn 10:6). Sheep are depicted as naive, defenseless and quite dumb (However, they only answer to the trustworthy voice of their master ... and pay no heed to a stranger's voice [Jn 10: 1-5,16,27]. People would do well to imitate this. They often follow "strange voices" ... who lead them into death). But, why isn't this verse referenced when discussing the sheep analogy? "'As for you, My sheep, the sheep of My pasture, you are men, and I am your God,' declares the Lord" (Ezek 34:31). This is consistent with Paul's admonition to the wayward Corinthians: "in your thinking be mature ... Be on the alert, stand firm in the faith, act like men, be strong" (1Cor 14:20 and 16:13). Where is it that God calls His children - to be stupid sheep?

Secondly, this "figure of speech" is never applied to leaders of the Christian religion. They are over the dumb sheep. But, they themselves ... are not dumb sheep. One of the most oft quoted passages supporting this position comes from Hebrews: "Obey your leaders and submit to them; for they keep watch over your souls, as those who will give an account. Let them do this with joy and not with grief, for this would be unprofitable for you" (Heb 13:17). At first glance, it does appear the religion model is accurate - sheep are supposed to obey leaders. But, a simple language lesson will demand a closer scrutiny.

There are three problems with this translation.

First, in the English translation: "Obey" is a verb in the active voice. But in Koine Greek, this is a verb in the passive voice. The passive voice means the subject is acted upon - not doing the action. The actual word translated, "obey" (peitho) has several potential meanings (just as English words do). The root meaning of "peitho" is "persuasion." Blind obedience is outside the circle.

Second, in the English translation: "leaders" is a noun. But, this is a participle in the Greek - not a noun. A participle is a verbal adjective. There is a huge difference between "the leading ones" and "leaders." In this instance, "the leading ones" refers to the more mature Christians "of you all" (a plural genitive). They seek to persuade the less mature by instruction and example - and call for imitation. "Be imitators of me, just as I also am of Christ" (1Cor 11:1 - and this is the Apostle Paul ... to the Corinthians!).

Third, in the English translation: "to them" is a prepositional phrase. This phrase is not in any Greek text. Dismiss it entirely.

Hebrews 13:17 should be translated more like this: "You must allow yourselves to be persuaded by the leading ones of you all ... and yield." The less mature are commanded to allow themselves to be persuaded (passive) by the more mature among them - and then yield to accurate handling of the word of God (doctrine and lifestyle) - not to them. This is totally consistent with all the other foundational Biblical injunctions of the Christian faith. "Examine everything; adhere to that which is good" (1Thes 5:21). The Bereans "were more noble minded than those in Thessolonica ... examining the Scriptures daily" to see if Paul's assertions were correct (Acts 17:11). "Test yourselves to see if you are in the faith; examine yourselves!" (2Cor 13:5).

Those who are leading must account for how they led. But, they will not be held accountable for wrong choices you make - assuming they led you correctly. Paul was not guilty before God for the errant choices of the wayward Corinthians or the bewitched Galatians. Their choices did bring him grief ... but not guilt.

I cannot explain why translators have so fouled this passage from Hebrews. If you can find a Greek scholar who can explain this - let me know ("Peithesthe" is not a middle deponent verb to be translated active either). By the way, Jesus did talk about leaders one time. "Do not be called leaders; for One is your leader - Christ" (Mt 23:10). Does He need to repeat Himself?

The Christian Faith

This arises when individual circumstances converge on a person - forcing an intense search ... for the Creator. While God may use people, or even some of the structures of religion as cited above, these things are secondary (at best). The Christian faith is the search for God. "As the deer pants for the water brooks, so my soul pants for Thee, O God. My soul thirsts for God - for the living God" (Ps 42:1,2). Furthermore, He tells us, "You will seek Me and find Me, when you search for Me with all your heart" (Jer 29:13). This is hard. In fact, I don't think we can really know when we have truly sought Him with all of our heart. Duplicities, known and unknown, infest us.

God calls people to the Christian faith. He calls them ... one by one. No one can get into heaven on the coattails of another. Adhering to the greatest of preachers ... will not work. Supporting, or participating in, the most fruitful Christian church ... will not secure entrance into heaven. Even heart wrenching pleas to God by the most devout mother ... will not usher one into glory. There is but One Advocate before God the Father who can make a successful case for one's inclusion into His favor (1Jn 2:1). And one must deal with Him solo. Nothing we will ever undertake is more solo - and absolutely necessary.

The extreme emergencies of life ... are faced alone. The only One who can help us - is God. Stephen, when exiting, needed a vibrant Christian faith - not religion (Acts 6 and 7). Our situation will be different, but the reality of need will be the same. The Christian faith is spiritual independence from man ... and total spiritual dependence upon Jesus Christ.