Mark Twain once famously said that if he'd had more time, he'd have written a shorter letter. In saying that, he captured a truth most professional writers and speakers recognize: Being brief is more difficult than going on at length.

This is also true of the art and science of asking questions, and remember that good questions are critical in effective communication.

As a former radio news reporter and announcer, I've had lots of opportunities to ask unscripted questions. And, I'll admit it can be just as difficult to ask a concise question as it is to write a concise document.

In asking questions, and especially when we do it without notes, several things happen. First, we try to provide context that guides the answer. Consider the situation in which a reporter asks this kind of question: "Given that we only have another two months before the end of the season, and given that you're having trouble meeting your budget as it is, do you expect the expansion to proceed?" The concise question, of course, would simply be, "Do you expect the expansion to proceed?"

To avoid this kind of preamble and to make your question more concise, ask yourself who needs the context. In most cases, the person being interviewed doesn't need it.

We might also use long, drawn out questions to give ourselves time to formulate a new question as we speak. We also may ramble as we try to figure out exactly how to word the question, or to achieve some unspoken purpose.

Or, we may ramble if we want to impress the person being questioned, or others. Watch questioners sometimes try to steal the show, in effect, with their questions. They're using the questions as a platform to flaunt their knowledge or promote their position.

Having looked at several reasons for lengthy questions, let's make a few recommendations:

First, know why you're asking the questions, and what kind of information you want to gather. If it's social chatter, then you're probably just looking for connections between yourself and the other person. On the other hand, if you're interviewing a potential employee, then you'll question strategically, to find out about the other person's character, experience, and expertise.

Second, stay focused on one issue at a time. If you try to gather information about several subjects in one question, you probably won't get useful responses to any of them.

Third, ask follow-up questions. The answer to the first question will give you the basis for the next question, and so on. Probe more deeply or widen the circle with follow-up questions.

Fourth, and perhaps most importantly, listen. Probably no other aspect of interviewing or asking questions is as frequently ignored. Over and over, I hear questioners ask something, then basically ignore the answer as they mentally work on the next question. What we should do instead is look at the other person and listen to the whole message, including the words, the way the words are expressed, and the body language. Only then will we grasp the answer well enough to ask a good follow-up question, one that qualifies as a concise, effective question!

In summary, good questions for effective communication involve knowing what kind of information you want, staying focused on one issue at a time, and listening as carefully as you speak.